From the Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Hôtel Dieu, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France (R.C., A.G., K.A.); Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Hôpital La Timone, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France (N.B., T.T.); Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Hôpital Pierre-Paul Ricquet, University Toulouse 3–Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (M.S., T.G., V.A.); Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France (C.P.-B., J.J.); Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Hôpital Pontchaillou, University Hospital of Rennes, and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (H.B., S.V., M.G.); Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Hôpital de Hautepierre, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (J.P., D.V.); Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Hôpital Laennec, University Hospital of Nantes, Saint-Herblain, France (K.L., Y.B., B.R.); Institut du Thorax, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1087, Institut de Recherche en Santé, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France (B.R.); Plateforme de Méthodologie et de Biostatistique, Cellule de Promotion de la Recherche Clinique, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France (A.L.T., F.F.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale MethodS for Patients-centered outcomes and HEalth REsearch U1246, Unité de Formation de Recherche des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, University of Nantes, University of Tours, Nantes, France (F.F.); and Laboratoire Unité propre de l'enseignement supérieur et de recherche EA 3826, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France (K.A.).
Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, France
Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France
Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
This article is featured in “This Month in Anesthesiology,” page 1A.
This article is featured in “This Month in Anesthesiology,” page 1A.
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Supplemental Digital Content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are available in both the HTML and PDF versions of this article. Links to the digital files are provided in the HTML text of this article on the Journal’s Web site (
www.anesthesiology.org).
Supplemental Digital Content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are available in both the HTML and PDF versions of this article. Links to the digital files are provided in the HTML text of this article on the Journal’s Web site (
www.anesthesiology.org).
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Part of the work presented in this article has been presented at the National Congress of the French Society of Anesthesiology and Critical Care (SFAR) meeting in Paris, France, September 23 to 24, 2016.
Part of the work presented in this article has been presented at the National Congress of the French Society of Anesthesiology and Critical Care (SFAR) meeting in Paris, France, September 23 to 24, 2016.
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Submitted for publication December 1, 2017. Accepted for publication August 1, 2018.
Submitted for publication December 1, 2017. Accepted for publication August 1, 2018.
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Members of the Société Française d’Anesthésie-Réanimation (SFAR) Research Network are listed in the appendix.
Members of the Société Française d’Anesthésie-Réanimation (SFAR) Research Network are listed in the appendix.
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Address correspondence to Dr. Asehnoune: Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Hôtel Dieu, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes Cedex 9, France.
Karim.asehnoune@chu-nantes.fr. This article may be accessed for personal use at no charge through the Journal Web site,
www.anesthesiology.org.