From the Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.T., E.C.N.) and Claude Moore Health Sciences Library (M.S.N.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; Department of Anesthesiology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (A.S.T., K.S.D.); Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, Ohio (A.S.T.); Department of Primary School Education and Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology (D.M., M.P.), University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; Department of Outcomes Research, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland, Ohio (D.I.S.); Department of Surgery, Sanad Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (R.S.T.); and Faculty of Medicine, Umm Durman University, Khartoum, Sudan (Y.S.T.).
This article is featured in “This Month in Anesthesiology,” page 1A.
This article is featured in “This Month in Anesthesiology,” page 1A.
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Corresponding article on page 768.
Corresponding article on page 768.
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Supplemental Digital Content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are available in both the HTML and PDF versions of this article. Links to the digital files are provided in the HTML text of this article on the Journal’s Web site (
www.anesthesiology.org).
Supplemental Digital Content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are available in both the HTML and PDF versions of this article. Links to the digital files are provided in the HTML text of this article on the Journal’s Web site (
www.anesthesiology.org).
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Presented, in part, at the American Society of Anesthesiologists Annual Meeting 2016 in Chicago, Illinois, October 22, 2016.
Presented, in part, at the American Society of Anesthesiologists Annual Meeting 2016 in Chicago, Illinois, October 22, 2016.
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This article has an audio podcast.
This article has an audio podcast.
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Submitted for publication October 11, 2016. Accepted for publication January 19, 2017.
Submitted for publication October 11, 2016. Accepted for publication January 19, 2017.
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Address correspondence to Dr. A. S. Terkawi: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
asterkawi@gmail.com. This article may be accessed for personal use at no charge through the Journal Web site,
www.anesthesiology.org.